People's Republic of Bangladesh - adolescent contraceptive use

Publication date: 2016

Adolescent contraceptive use DATA FROM THE BANGLADESH DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY (BDHS), 2011 P E O P LE ’ S R E PU B LI C O F BA N G L A D E S H What can be done to support married Bangaldeshi adolescents to prevent unintended pregnancy? Plan for how, when and where different groups of sexually active adolescents (boys and girls, rural and urban) use and do not use contraception. Learn the reasons why married adolescents are not using contraception, and develop policies and programmes to better address their needs. Understand that married adolescents may get contraception from a variety of sources and ensure that each of these sources can provide high quality services for adolescents. Adolescent population: who are they? In Bangladesh, there over 32.2 million adolescents aged 10–19 years – 20.1% of the country’s total population.i Over two thirds of all adolescents live in rural areas, 67.5% of adolescent girls and 67.3% of adolescent boys.i By age 19, the mean number of years of schooling attended by married adolescent girls is 6.2.ii Among married adolescents who become parents before age 20, the average age at which Bangladeshi girls have their first baby is 16.6 years.ii Sexual activity and marital status Analysis of data from the BDHSii finds that, on average, among married adolescent girls who had sex before age 20, they first have sexual intercourse at age 15.4 years. Among married Bangladeshi adolescent girls, the mean age of the first marriage is 15.4 years. i Urban and rural population by age and sex, 1980–2015 [online database]. New York (USA): United Nations Department of Economic and Social Affairs, Population Division; 2014 (https://esa. un.org/unpd/popdev/urpas/urpas2014.aspx, accessed 4 November 2016). ii National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates [Bangladesh], ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011 [Datasets]. BDIR61.DTA. Calverton (MD): ICF International; 2013 (http://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Bangladesh_Standard-DHS_2011.cfm?flag=0, accessed 4 November 2016). Contraceptive use and non-use among adolescent girls FIGURE 1. Use and non-use of contraception: married adolescent girls, aged 15–19 years (%) LISTED FROM LEAST EFFECTIVE TO MOST EFFECTIVE Married According to BDHSii analyses, 64.9% of married adolescent girls report not wanting a child in the next two years, yet only 55.3% of them are currently using any method to prevent pregnancy. The main reasons these adolescents report for not using a contraceptive method include: • menses has not returned after giving birth (45.8%) • not having sex (19.0%) • infrequent sex (19.0%) Among all married adolescent girls aged 15–19, 52.9% are not using a method of contraception. Injectable contraceptives and pills are the most common modern methods used (26.0% and 8.9% of these adolescent girls, respectively). Female condoms are used by 6.8% while 0.8% are using implants, which are considered to be one of the most effective methods. Withdrawal, a traditional method, is used by 2.8% (see Figure 1). Source: analysis of BDHS 2011ii Married adolescents who are using a modern method most often get it from a private facility (60.0%) or a government facility (31.5%). Not using Withdrawal Female condom Male condom Pill Injectable contraceptives Implants1.9 8.9 26.0 0.8 6.8 2.8 52.9 COMPILED IN 2016 | UPDATED NOVEMBER 2016 LEARN MORE AT who.int/reproductivehealth/adol-contraceptive-use Adolescent contraceptive use P E O P L E ’ S R E P U B L I C O F B A N G L A D E S H Use and non-use of contraception married adolescent girls, aged 15-19 million adolescents ages 10-19 32.2 15.4 years for adolescent girls Among married adolescents who had sex before age 20, the average age at first sex is Among married adolescents who become parents before age 20, the average age at first birth is What can be done to support married Bangladeshi adolescents to prevent unintended pregnancy? Main reasons for not using contraception Report not wanting a child in the next two years Married 64.9% married adolescent girls Understand that married adolescents may get modern contraception from a variety of sources. Learn the reasons why married adolescents are not using contraception. Plan for how, when, and where different groups of adolescents use or don’t use contraception. ANALYSIS OF THE BANGLADESH DEMOGRAPHIC AND HEALTH SURVEY, 2011 COMPILED IN 2016 | UPDATED NOVEMBER 2016 National Institute of Population Research and Training (NIPORT) [Bangladesh], Mitra and Associates [Bangladesh], ICF International. Bangladesh Demographic and Health Survey 2011 [Datasets]. BDIR61.DTA. Calverton (MD): ICF International; 2013 (http://dhsprogram.com/data/dataset/Bangladesh_Standard-DHS_2011.cfm?flag=0, accessed 4 November 2016). 16.6 for adolescent girls LEARN MORE AT who.int/reproductivehealth/adol-contraceptive-use Married 45.8% menses has not returned after giving birth 19.0% not having sex 19.0% infrequent sex Method Married Not using 52.9% Withdrawal 2.8% Female condom 6.8% Male condom 1.9% Pill 8.9% Injectable contraceptives 26.0% Implants 0.8% 31.5% from a government facility 60.0% from a private facility REASONS FOR NON-USE: Not married Not having sex Infrequent sex Menses has not returned after birth Breastfeeding Fatalistic (up to god) She is opposed Husband/partner is opposed Religious prohibition Knows no method Knows no source Fear of side effects/health concerns Inconvenient to use Others opposed Lack of access/too far SOURCE OF METHOD: Government facility Private facility Pharmacy Shop Friends or parents Other Community Health Worker Icon Directory METHODS: Not using Withdrawal Periodic abstinence Rhythm/calendar Female condom Male condom Standard days/cycle beads Pill Injectable contraceptives Lactational amenorrhea (LAM) Implants IUD Male sterilization Female sterilization Spermicide © WHO 2016. 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